But there is a vaccine that can help prevent it. If the HPV causes abnormal cells to start growing, these cells can be removed or destroyed. HPV also has a role in causing cancers of the penis , anus , vagina , vulva , mouth and throat. Smoking , which is also linked with these cancers, may work with HPV to increase cancer risk. Other genital infections may also increase the risk that HPV will cause cancer. You can get more details in HPV and Cancer. Vaccines are now available to help protect children and young adults against infection from the main cancer-causing HPV types.
These vaccines are approved for use in females and males and are given as a series of injections shots. The vaccines can only be used to help prevent HPV infection — they do not stop or help treat an existing infection.
To be most effective, the vaccine series should be given before a person becomes sexually active has sex with another person. See HPV Vaccines for more on this.
EBV is a type of herpes virus. Most people in the United States are infected with EBV by the end of their teen years, although not everyone develops the symptoms of mono. As with other herpes virus infections, EBV infection is life-long, even though most people have no symptoms after the first few weeks.
EBV infects and stays in certain white blood cells in the body called B lymphocytes also called B cells. It may also be linked to Hodgkin lymphoma and some cases of stomach cancer. Overall, very few people who have been infected with EBV will ever develop these cancers. But this number is much higher in some other countries, where both viral hepatitis and liver cancer are much more common.
Some research also suggests that long-term HCV infection might be linked with some other cancers, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma. They can also be passed on through blood transfusions, but this is rare in the United States because donated blood is tested for these viruses. Of the 2 viruses, infection with HBV is more likely to cause symptoms, such as a flu-like illness and jaundice yellowing of the eyes and skin. Most adults recover completely from HBV infection within a few months. Only a very small portion of adults go on to have chronic HBV infections, but this risk is higher in young children.
People with chronic HBV infections have a higher risk for liver cancer. HCV is less likely to cause symptoms than HBV, but it is more likely to cause chronic infection, which can to lead to liver damage or even cancer. An estimated 3.
To help find some of these unknown infections, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC recommends that all people born between and as well as some other people at high risk get blood tests to check for HCV. Once an infection is found, treatment and preventive measures can be used to slow liver damage and reduce cancer risk. Both hepatitis B and C infections can be treated with drugs.
Treating chronic hepatitis C infection with a combination of drugs for at least a few months can get rid of HCV in many people. A number of drugs can also be used to help treat chronic hepatitis B. This includes people infected with HIV, men who have sex with men, injection drug users, people in certain group homes, people with certain medical conditions and occupations such as health care workers , and others.
Known routes of spread include:. HIV is not spread by insects, through water, or by casual contact such as talking, shaking hands, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or from sharing dishes, bathrooms, kitchens, phones, or computers. Research is still being done to understand how and to what extent HPV causes these cancers.
Many of these may be caused by a combination of tobacco, alcohol, and HPV. Most of the time, HPV goes away by itself within two years and does not cause health problems.
It is thought that the immune system fights off HPV naturally. It is only when HPV stays in the body for many years that it can cause these cancers.
It is not known why HPV goes away in most, but not all cases. Endometrial cancer: It is the most common type of uterine cancer.
For this reason, uterine cancer is also called endometrial cancer. Endometrial cancer begins with a mutation in the layer of cells that form the inner layer of the uterus. Uterine sarcoma: It is a type of cancer that forms in the muscular outer layer of the uterus called the myometrium.
It grows and spreads more quickly compared to endometrial cancer. There are many sub-types and it tends to spread to the lungs through the bloodstream. Cervical cancer: It develops in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.
In general, it affects sexually active women between the ages of 30 to Almost all cases of cervical cancer are caused by the human papillomavirus HPV.
HPV is a common virus that spreads by sexual contact. To minimize the risk of infection, you should always use a condom during sex. The most common symptom is abnormal or irregular vaginal bleeding during or after sex, between periods, or after menopause.
Endometrial cancer develops when the cells in the endometrium -the inner lining of the uterus- start to grow and divide uncontrollably. There are two main types of endometrial cancer, which is the most common type of uterine cancer: Type 1 and Type 2.
Type 1 Endometrial Cancer: It is the more common type of endometrial cancer. This estrogen-dependent condition tends to grow slowly, and it is less likely to spread. It grows faster and is more likely to spread. The treatment often includes radiation or chemical therapy after extensive surgery.
Cervical cancer screening is an essential part of general health checkups in women. For both tests, a sample of cells is collected from the cervix. Pap smear test samples are then examined in the lab for abnormalities and cancer. It is recommended that women aged 30 to 65 undergo a cervical cancer test every 5 years. The exact cause of uterine cancer is unknown. However, certain risk factors are strongly linked to the disease.
Although there is no proven way to completely prevent uterine cancer, it is possible to reduce the risk. The cervical cancer vaccine is a preventative vaccine that aims to reduce the risk of cancer for women between the ages of 9 and It also helps to prevent genital warts.
The vaccine is administered in three doses into the arm or buttock as two or four dose series. The diagnosis and treatment process of cervical and uterine cancer significantly affect patients in terms of their sex life. As it is caused by the HPV virus, a sexually transmitted infection, cervical cancer negatively affects sex life. Hysterectomy, which refers to the removal of the uterus and ovaries, is one of these treatments. Removing the ovaries stops the production of the hormones which help keep vaginal tissue moist and flexible.
Radiation therapy can cause the vagina to become shorter or narrower, a condition called vaginal stenosis. Moisturizers help restore moisture in the vagina, and they improve the flexibility of vaginal tissue, which decreases pain during intercourse.
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